Anaerobic exercise
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In sports which require repeated short bursts of exercise however, the anaerobic system enables muscles to recover for the next burst. There are two types of anaerobic energy systems:
Anaerobic exercise is exercise intense enough to trigger lactic acid formation. It is used by athletes in non-endurance sports to promote strength, speed and power and by body builders to build muscle mass. Muscle energy systems trained using anaerobic exercise develop differently compared to aerobic exercise, leading to greater performance in short duration, high intensity activities, which last from mere seconds to up to about 2 minutes. Any activity lasting longer than about two minutes has a large aerobic metabolic component.
In sports which require repeated short bursts of exercise however, the anaerobic system enables muscles to recover for the next burst. There are two types of anaerobic energy systems:
1) The high energy phosphates, ATP adenosine triphosphate and CP creatine phosphate
2) Anaerobic glycolysis. The high energy phosphates are stored in very limited quantities within muscle cells.
Anaerobic glycolysis exclusively uses glucose (and glycogen) as a fuel in the absence of oxygen or more specifically, when ATP is needed at rates that exceed those provided by aerobic metabolism; the consequence of rapid glucose breakdown is the formation of lactic acid (more appropriately, lactate at biological pH levels). Physical activities that last up to about thirty seconds rely primarily on the former, ATP-PC phosphagen, system. The effectiveness of anaerobic activity can be improved through training.
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